organizing 

organizing definition ; Organizing is a systematic process of structuring, integrating, co-ordinating task goals, and activities to resources in order to attain objectives.

Process of organizing function

1.   determination of total work load.

2.   Departmentation.

3.   Creation of managership.

4.   Human organisation.

5.   Material organisation.

6.   Establishment of authority responsibility relationships.

7.   Final organisational structure.

Process ; - process is an sequence which should planned in an order.

Domain ; - an area of territory owned or controlled by a particular ruler or government.

Function ; -  operate in a proper or particular way.

Formal and informal organizations

  Differences between them

Basis of comparison	informal group	Formal group
General nature	unofficial	official
Major concepts	Power and politics	Authority and responsibility
Primary focus	person	position
Source of leader power	Given by group	Delegated by management
Guidelines of behaviour	norms	Rules and policies
Source of control	sanctions	Rewards and penalties

Authority; - authority is a right to make a decision

Responsibility; it is an employee’s duty to perform the assigned task.

Accountability: it is the managers expectation that the employee will accept credit or blame for his work.

Delegation: delegation is a process of giving authority to a person (or group or team) to make a decision and act in certain situations.

Practices useful in effective delegation include:-

1.   Establishing goals and standard

2.  Ensure clarity

3.  Involvement

4.  Expect completed work

5.   Provide training

6.  Timely feed back

Centralization:- centralization is the concentration of authority at the top of an organization or department.

Ex:- coca- cola company ,micro soft company, india .

Decentralization:  decentralization is the delegation authority to lower level employees or departments.

Ex:- united states of America , hul(Hindustan Unilever).

 

Key factors affecting decisions to centralization or decentralization:-

1.   Cost of decisions.

2.  Uniformity of policy.

3.  Competency levels.

4.  Control mechanisms.

5.   Environmental influences  :- means buying formula from others.

Difference between centralization and decentralization  :-

centralization		decentralization
meaning	Control of an activity under a single authority.		Authority, responsibility and accountability to various management levels.
involves	Systematic and consistent reservation-n of authority.		Systematic spreading of thing of authority.
Communication flow	vertical		Open and free
Decision making	slow		Comparativel-y faster
advantage	Proper coordinate-on and leader ship		Sharing of burden and responsibility.
Power of decision making	Lies with top managemen-t		Multiple persons have power
reasons	Inadequate control over the organisation.		Considerable control over organisation.
Best suited for	Small sized organisatio-n		Larged sized organisation.

                  

                                          Thankyou,

                          y. siddhartha reddy ,

                                  rollno:- 171340.