PLANNING : PURPOSE&PROCESS,TOWS MATRIX

                                                                  PLANNING

PLANNING is the most basic of all managerial functions, and it is about deciding in advance “WHAT IS TO BE DONE, BY WHOM, HOW, WHEN AND WHERE”. Therefore, planning involves setting objectives, and then deciding the actions to achieve the objectives. Deciding actions in advance means that the planning process should consider all the possibilities and alternatives, and choose the most appropriate alternative from them according to the situations. And it also means controlling the actions according to the situations.

*planning reduces the uncertainty.

*it reduces overlapping and wasteful activities.
*it uses in goals and standards used in controlling. 

TYPES OF PLANS:

    1)TIME HORIZON:

                                *long term(5years)

                                 *medium term(1-5y)

                                 *short term(<1y)

                                  *rolling plan

2)STANDING AND SINGLE USE:

                                                      Standing plans are premanent plans, and they are used again and again in the organization for regular work. Standing plans include policies, procedures, methods and rules. SINGLE USE plans are also known as master plans are designed to accomplish specific objectives.

3)STRATEGIC PLANS,BUSINESS PLANS, OPERATIONALS:

                                      Strategy refers to a frame work of grand plans formulated to meet the challenges of special circumstance. Extensively  used by the management to decide what kind of business one should be in , how a special situation can be encountered how a minimum growth rate in a competitive market can be sustained, etc

4)DIRECTIONAL & SPECIFIC :

                                               Directional is a intention and specific is a action. That means to eradicate terrorism we need allocate the the budget.

Specific is reflective of directional

5)CONTINGENCY PLANS:

                                                Alternative or back up plane involves identifying alternative courses of action that can be implemented if and when the original plan proves inadequate because of changing circumstances.

PLAN HIERARCHY:-

Steps in the planning  process:-                                                      

• Determination of objective
• Development of planning premises 
• Determination of alternative Courses
• Evaluation of alternative courses  
• Formulation of derivative plans
• Planning the timing and operation schedule 
• Securing participation of people
• Review and control of plans 
• Budgeting

*Set the objectives

*matching objectives with our strengths and weakness.

PESTLE

P-political

E-Economics

S-social

T-technological

L-legislation

E-environment

                                      TOWS MATRIX

A TOWS analysis is a variant of a SWOT analysis AND will involve the identification of an organisation’s Threats, Opportunities, Weaknesses and Strengths

 For example, a particular threat might make a weakness much more significant. Whereas a TOWS analysis will look to match internal factors to external factors to help identify relevant strategic options that an organisation could pursue. It can help an organisation to see how it can take advantage of opportunities, reduce threats, overcome weaknesses and exploit any strengths

                                                   TOWS MATRIX

 
                                           THANK YOU
                                                                        BY
                                                                                    M ARAVIND KUMAR
                                                                                                 171231